As highlighted by French President Emmanuel Macron at the EU summit in Versailles in March 2022, “As a force of peace, we cannot rely on others to defend ourselves, be it on land, sea, air, space or cyberspace […]. Our European defense must take a new step.” This panel discusses what a realigned CFSP could possibly look like, what role NATO could play in that context, and how Germany and France could contribute to this new order.