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Majoring in Earth Systems, Minoring in European Studies

I chose earth systems because I have always loved being outside and wanted to study the environmental system and how humans are both impacted by and impacting it," she shared. "In addition, my minor in global studies has helped me better understand the global system and prepared me to understand and identify complex global interconnections in my future job and life in general.

Tell us your favorite major/minor-related story or experience.

I went to Brussels in the summer of 2019 with one of The Europe Center directors, Christophe Crombez. We spent the week meeting with European Union leaders, learning about how the EU works, and the challenges they were facing. It was an incredible experience getting to talk directly with policy makers!

As you reflect on your time at Stanford, what are you most proud of?

I am most proud of how I have embraced new opportunities to learn about new subjects in new ways, from my biology field research classes to my internship when studying in Madrid, to my summer seminar in Brussels to learn about the EU.

What are your plans after graduation?

I am moving to LA to work in consulting.

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Amelia O'Donohue is graduating this year with a degree in earth systems and a minor in global studies (with a specialization in European studies).

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* Please note all CISAC events are scheduled using the Pacific Time Zone.

 

Seminar Recording:  https://youtu.be/Mwjn39S48rE

 

About the Event: NATO Secretary General Stoltenberg will speak about how the transatlantic alliance is adapting to change in this turbulent period.  President Biden has clearly signaled that he is resolved to reach out to the NATO allies, working to repair the trans-Atlantic bond. To strengthen the bond between America and Europe and prepare the alliance for the future, the Secretary General has launched the NATO 2030 initiative.  This includes proposals on how NATO can better harness technology and innovation, tackle the security implications of climate change, and help make our societies more resilient. While NATO must continue to deter and defend against Russia, it is also keeping channels open to Moscow. The rise of China presents both challenges and opportunities that NATO has started to address. And missions in Afghanistan and Iraq are on the cusp of change, with decisions underway about what role NATO will play in the future. All in all, an exciting time to hear from NATO’s Secretary General.

This event is co-sponsored with The Europe Center.

 

About the Speaker: 

Jens Stoltenberg became NATO Secretary General in October 2014, following a distinguished international and domestic career. As a former Prime Minister of Norway and UN Special Envoy, Mr. Stoltenberg has been a strong supporter of greater global and transatlantic cooperation. Mr. Stoltenberg’s mandate as NATO Secretary General has been extended until the end of September 2022.

Under Mr. Stoltenberg’s leadership, NATO has responded to a more challenging security environment by implementing the biggest reinforcement of its collective defence since the Cold War, increasing the readiness of its forces and deploying combat troops in the eastern part of the Alliance. He believes in credible deterrence and defence while maintaining dialogue with Russia. He has also advocated for increased defence spending and better burden sharing within the Alliance, and a greater focus on innovation. NATO has also stepped up its efforts in the fight against terrorism. He strongly supports a partnership approach, with cooperation between NATO and the European Union reaching unprecedented levels.

Before coming to NATO, he was the UN Special Envoy on Climate Change from 2013 to 2014. He has also chaired UN High-level Panels on climate financing and the coherence between development, humanitarian assistance and environmental policies.

As Prime Minister of Norway, Mr. Stoltenberg increased the defence spending and transformed the Norwegian armed forces with new high-end capabilities and investments. He also signed an agreement with Russia on establishing maritime borders in the Barents and Polar Sea, ending a 30-years dispute.

Mr. Stoltenberg was also Prime Minister during the deadly terrorist attacks, which killed 77 people in Oslo and Utøya on 22 July 2011, urging in response, “more democracy, more openness, and more humanity, but never naïvete”.

Mr Stoltenberg holds a postgraduate degree in Economics from the University of Oslo. After graduating in 1987, he held a research post at the National Statistical Institute of Norway, before embarking on a career in Norwegian politics.

  • 2005-2013: Prime Minister of Norway
  • 2002-2014: Leader of the Norwegian Labor Party
  • 2000-2001: Prime Minister of Norway
  • 1996-1997: Minister of Finance
  • 1993-1996: Minister of Industry and Energy
  • 1991-2014: Member of Parliament
  • 1990-1991: State Secretary at the Ministry of the Environment
  • 1985-1989: Leader of the Norwegian Labour Youth

Jens Stoltenberg was born in Oslo on 16 March 1959. He is married to Ingrid Schulerud. They have two grown-up children.

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Jens Stoltenberg Secretary General NATO
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Majoring in Anthropology, Minoring in European Studies

I didn’t always know I wanted to study anthropology, and I didn’t really know what anthropology was until my first year. I entered Stanford knowing that I was generally interested in healthcare and politics, and I thought I would major in Human Biology with plans to go to medical school. In my freshman year, I took an intro to anthropology course and I fell in love with the discipline. I loved the methods of ethnography and participant-observation, the theory that social anthropology was built on, how it approached questions about society, and how an anthropological lens could be applied to issues like global health and politics. After really enjoying the fieldwork assignment in the course, I decided to major in anthropology the next quarter.

I first heard about Global Studies sometime around my sophomore year, when I was more seriously looking into different study abroad options through the Bing Overseas Studies Program. I wasn’t sure if I would end up minoring in anything, and I had actually bounced between a few different minors throughout my undergraduate degree—most seriously considering creative writing, economics, and Spanish. It was only after going to Oxford for the winter and spring quarters of my junior year that I very seriously began considering more about what I wanted to major in, and especially since I had grown very interested in Europe during my time studying abroad, I declared a minor in Global Studies with a concentration in European Studies over the summer.

Oxford and the Fraught Question of European Identity

I was never particularly interested in Europe until I studied abroad at Oxford in the winter and spring quarters of my junior year. I had expected to focus mostly on anthropology coursework, but I found myself in England at such a fascinating time politically that I started to really become interested in European politics. At the time, the former Prime Minister Theresa May was working on trying to get a Brexit deal through Parliament, and the European elections that took place while I was there in May mobilized all of my peers, including leaving through previous party allegiances behind in order to vote for pro-European parties in the European elections. At the same time as all this was happening, I was learning first-hand from Oxford students about regional divides within England, tensions between the four nations of the United Kingdom, and cultural and political divides there that only became stronger once Brexit brought out the often fraught question of European identity.

My thematic focus within the minor was European political institutions, which combined a mix of the coursework I had done while studying abroad at Oxford as well as the coursework I then did in Stanford, from Spanish classes that allowed me to study Spanish political parties to European studies classes that focused directly on the European Union as an institution.

What I loved most about the European studies program was the individual attention that it provided. I really appreciated how easy it was to set up directed readings on topics like Brexit and European party politics, how responsive staff and faculty were, and how flexible the program was so that I could get a mix of broad understanding of global and European studies, while also giving me the opportunity to focus on more specific topics. I would strongly encourage anyone considering the minor to really take advantage of the fantastic opportunities that The Europe Center provides its students—from internship opportunities to individual attention from professors. The only regret I have is that I didn’t declare a Global Studies minor in European Studies much earlier and could have taken advantage of even more of what the program had to offer!

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Josh Cobler

From the Minor to a Master's program in European Politics at Oxford

I had really enjoyed my time studying abroad at Oxford, and I knew that it was a place that I wanted to return to. Especially since Brexit negotiations and European elections gave me a taste of European politics, I wanted to continue learning about European politics both upon my return to Stanford and after graduation. Sometime in the fall of my senior year, I began very seriously considering applying to Oxford for their two-year Master’s program in European politics, especially since that would be a great way to learn more at the graduate level about many of the questions that the European Studies minor opened for me. The European project is in many ways quite novel and could have a lot of potential for building a more democratic and just world even beyond the European Union’s member states. Its developments since the European Coal and Steel Community after World War II have created a fascinating cosmopolitan European identity—especially among young people who have grown up only knowing an integrated Europe where anyone could live, travel, and work anywhere in the EU—while also opening up space for populist and nationalist backlash against the very institutions that have helped Europe recover and thrive after decades of conflict. More than anything, I wanted to investigate why this is happening and what ramifications this could have, so I decided that graduate school would be the best way to really dive deeper into this line of inquiry, combining the methods I had learned through my anthropology major with the knowledge of European politics that I learned in the European studies minor.

Now that it’s been a few months since I’ve started the program, I can’t emphasize enough how much the European Studies minor really prepared me for graduate work in European politics. I was definitely nervous to be jumping into a new discipline since I hadn’t majored in political science or international relations, especially since the vast majority of my peers in this Master’s program had. But as I’ve learned since the beginning of this academic year, I was set up by the European Studies program to succeed, and I feel like I’ve come in with similar levels of background knowledge as other students.

I don’t know exactly what I’ll be doing after finishing my Master’s degree here; it’s a two-year course, so I’ll be spending the 2021-2022 academic year working on my Master’s thesis, which is currently a comparative study of populist political identities in regions of Spain and England. I have been really enjoying research, including the year of methods training I have this year, and I have found myself incredibly motivated by the research “puzzle” I’ve been unravelling in this Master’s program, so I think a PhD could likely be in my future. I would love to have an impact on European and international policy as well, including working on democratic reforms that I hope could help European citizens feel more politically engaged, as well as more connected to each other and the world. Other than the more aspirational goals, I currently don’t have any plans to leave Europe in the near future. While I’d like to leave England sometime after graduating from Oxford, my hope is to get to spend time living and working somewhere in continental Europe, possibly in a country like Spain given how interested in Spanish politics and culture I’ve become.

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We develop a model of financial crises with both a financial amplification mechanism, via frictional intermediation, and a role for sentiment, via time-varying beliefs about an illiquidity state. We confront the model with data on credit spreads, equity prices, credit, and output across the financial crisis cycle. In particular, we ask the model to match data on the frothy pre-crisis behavior of asset markets and credit, the sharp transition to a crisis where asset values fall, disintermediation occurs and output falls, and the post-crisis period characterized by a slow recovery in output. We find that a pure amplification mechanism quantitatively matches the crisis and aftermath period but fails to match the pre-crisis evidence. Mixing sentiment and amplification allows the model to additionally match the pre-crisis evidence. We consider two versions of sentiment, a Bayesian belief updating process and one that overweighs recent observations. We find that both models match the crisis patterns qualitatively, generating froth pre-crisis, non-linear behavior in the crisis, and slow recovery. The non-Bayesian model improves quantitatively on the Bayesian model in matching the extent of the pre-crisis froth.

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Arvind Krishnamurthy
Wenhao Li
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Dutch-Caribbean plantations attracted substantial outside funding in the 1760s. This came to an abrupt end after the 1773 credit crisis. We use one banker’s detailed archives to analyze how bankers and investors were initially able to overcome asymmetric information problems, and why the system eventually broke down. Bankers oversaw plantations’ cash flows and placed debt with investors in the form of mortgage-backed securities. Strong growth led to lax screening and an oversupply of credit. After a fall in commodity prices, plantation debts were unsustainable. Restructurings were incomplete and debt overhang led to underinvestment and a drop in economic activity.

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Abe de Jong
Tim Kooijmans
Peter Koudijs
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Natalie Jabbar
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Professor of economics Ran Abramitzky has been named the new senior associate dean of the social sciences in the School of Humanities and Sciences. He will begin his term on September 1, 2020.

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KCBS Radio: On-Demand
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The European Union has passed a stimulus plan of more than $850 billion dollars to bring its economy back on track after the coronavirus pandemic ushered in staggering unemployment rates.

The plan highlights unprecedented actions to bring financial stability to those within the EU that have been most affected.

For more, KCBS Radio was joined by Christophe Crombez, Political Economist and Senior Research Scholar at Stanford University.

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Using millions of historical census records and modern birth certificates, we document that immigrants assimilated into US society at similar rates in the past and present. We measure cultural assimilation as immigrants giving their children less foreign names after spending more time in the United States, and show that immigrants erase about one-half of the naming gap with natives after 20 years both historically and today. Immigrants from poorer countries choose more foreign names upon first arrival in both periods but are among the fastest to shift toward native-sounding names. We find substantial cultural assimilation for immigrants of all education levels.

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American Economic Review: Insights
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Ran Abramitzky
Leah Boustan
Katherine Eriksson
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TEC will be canceling all public events and seminars until at least April 15th due to ongoing developments associated with COVID-19.

 

How do we explain that the European Union gained so much authority, especially in economic areas? Most explanations of the EU usually start off by misdescribing how much authority it exerts over its member-states. Classic IR theorists in realist or liberal traditions describe the EU as a strong international regime, allowing them to explain it simply as a response to especially-strong regional versions of the exogenously-given conditions that ostensibly favor international cooperation elsewhere. Even more endogenously-inclined theorists who explain the EU as an ideational or institutionally path-dependent project tend to describe it as a quasi-federation that still falls well short of a “United States of Europe.” But if the EU certainly lacks some important powers of federal states, in some core areas it has surpassed them. Employing a comparison of the EU to three Anglo-Saxon federations (United States, Canada, Australia), we show that today’s EU actively exercises authority over states’ market openness and fiscal discipline that these federations have never claimed. This re-description of the EU outcome displays just how far Europe has departed from the expectations of classic IR theories, and highlights the kind of strongly endogenous ideational and institutional explanation it requires. Co-author: Craig Parsons, University of Oregon.

 

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Matthias Matthijs

Matthias Matthijs is associate professor of international political economy. His research focuses on the politics of economic crises, the role of economic ideas in economic policymaking, the politics of inequality, and the democratic limits of regional integration. He was one of the inaugural recipients in 2015 of a Johns Hopkins Catalyst Award, in recognition of his work as a promising early-career investigator. He teaches courses in international relations, comparative politics, and international economics, and was twice awarded the Max M. Fisher Prize for Excellence in Teaching, in 2011 and 2015.

Since the summer of 2019, he is also a Senior Fellow for Europe at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR). He also currently serves as the Chair of the Executive Committee of the European Union Studies Association (EUSA).

Matthijs is the editor (with Mark Blyth) of the book The Future of the Euro published by Oxford University Press in 2015, and author of Ideas and Economic Crises in Britain from Attlee to Blair (1945-2005), published by Routledge in 2011. The latter is based on his doctoral dissertation, which received the Samuel H. Beer Prize for Best Dissertation in British Politics by a North American scholar, awarded by the British Politics Group of the American Political Science Association (APSA) in 2010.

In 2018, he won the Best Paper Award from APSA’s European Politics and Society section for “When Is It Rational to Learn the Wrong Lessons?” (co-authored with Mark Blyth). Among various other research and writing projects, he is currently working on a book-length manuscript that delves into the collapse of national elite consensus around European integration.

Dr. Matthijs received his BSc in applied economics with magna cum laude from the University of Antwerp in Belgium, and his MA and PhD in international relations from Johns Hopkins University.

Matthias Matthijs Speaker School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University
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